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Breda, the old department store
Mlýnková, Petra ; Mašek, Radomír (referee) ; Marek, Jiří (advisor)
ABSTRACT The diploma thesis project deals, as its name suggests, with a former department store, so called „The old Breda“, which was built between 1927-28 in the then capital of Austrian Silesia, the Opava City. The department store is an architectural masterpiece, you will hardly find another department store of this kind in the whole of former Czechoslovakia. In 1972, it was declared a cultural monument. Today, we can understand it as an accurate testimony to what the city of Opava was a hundred years ago, how it has gradually changed and what it is like today. The building and its fate is also a frequently mentioned topic for the Opavans themselves, as the building itself reminds them of pleasant feelings and memories of the experience of its space. In this context, the central space under the dome, illuminated by glass-concrete blocks, is often inflected by people. Together with stained glass windows, lighted display cases and the creaking wooden steps of a large staircase, it offers visitors a truly unique atmosphere and moment. The reason why the building itself leaves a strong trace of nostalgia in each person is quite obvious and indisputable. It is a building of immense architectural quality, which the Silesian native from Krnov, known as the Viennese architect Leopold Bauer, offers to the local people through his work. Although there is no doubt that Bauer was a genius in his field, which I was able to see again and again during my research, we must not forget the fact that the whole project was possible to happen only thanks to the wealth and initiative of David Weinstein, businessman and owner of Breda & Weinstein company. However, Weinstein did not enjoy the building and its fame for very long and if you look at the time, the place and context and the fact that Weinstein was of Jewish descent, you will find out the reason why. The cruel fate thus befell his family, as did almost all Jews at the time (not only) in Opava. In 1945, during the Ostrava-Opava operation, Opava was almost completely reduced to ashes, and after the war, there were this time Germans who were to be completely expelled from Czechoslovakia. At that time, the building was called German because Breda and Weinstein spoke German. This was followed by privatization and the associated further changes in the property and also layout of the building. In 1994, in addition to the misfortune, the building was acquired „for sale“ by the local bussinesman Kolek, which meant a way to Breda to complete destruction. There was even a fire, which blackened the dome‘s otherwise light concrete. Since 2012, when the house was closed and taken out of operation, it has only fallen into disrepair. It was also in insolvency proceedings. However, in the eyes and hearts of the proud Opavans, the building still leaves strong recognition and feelings that did not allow the building to be abandoned, people put pressure on the politicians from the city for a long time, until in December 2021 the ciity approved the purchase of the building. However, this step opened up more and more questions and problems. Nobody knows what to do now. There is no intention. It is only clear that the reconstruction will be very costly. With my work based on analyzes from the last semester and studying the data of available research, I try to show the city how it could handle the building.
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Roots of Moravian Urban Structure
Mohelník, Ladislav ; Löw, Jiří (referee) ; Prokeš, Oldřich (referee) ; Hrabec, Josef (referee) ; Koutný, Jan (advisor)
The thesis has been written on the basis of main architectural concepts and their application in real life within a historical context investigation. Main architectural concepts are represented in a harmony of architectural composition that deals with relations among form, structure and space in the unique art work. Genius loci play very important role in the architectural creation - it represents a special and extra-ordinary urban locality and its architectural value in the historical, geographical and cultural context. The origin of Ostravice village within the historical frame concept of Moravia domain is the topic of this thesis. Other historical documents gave information about Bruneswerde as the Brno Castle. That means Brno Castle had to be founded not in Brno (as it has been consid-ered for many years) but it was located in Beskydy at Ostravice. The sacred city – Civitas Dei had been located in Bruneswerde region in early ages as the centre of European culture, education and spiritual life. Civitas Dei – divine Jerusalem in the transcription of St. Augustine's book De civitate Dei – is not only glorification of God and religious fantasy. It is also one of significant clues for recognition of historical architecture. The depiction of unknown settlement from the book of unde-fined origin is a superb testimony about extinct architectural works. They are legible from cadastral maps. Brno Castle - residence of nobility and power served shelter to St. Vojtěch, St. Prokop, St. Václav and St. Ludmila as it is obvious for the mentioned picture. Three major temples, three com-position axes symbolized by three towers on coins are in analogical relation to Brno triangle of four saints - the Saint family of Brno temples. Powerful ambitions of Brno City principals and clergy are inscribed into the urban structure in the way of composition relations which are legible to them who devoted themselves to the mystery of harmony. The absence of historical continuity affects personal attitudes and also identity of the whole community. The architecture truly reflects the past state of polis and it is eloquent even after its death. The architectural composition relations influence the natural environment for long time, longer than the architectural work existence. The geometric order of Renaissance Brno existence has not been in attention of architects so far. The features were discovered in characteristic paintings by Albrecht Durer. They are evidently secret works of the genius. A meaningful collaborator and follower in the extensive project was also his friend Jan Čert from Brno and lately from Vienna. His noble genealogy played a significant role in history of Silesia and Moravia for centuries. It is tendency to consider him as Austrian or even German architect. It is because of the fact that the genealogy tree of his noble family had roots in Moravia. It is supposed that Durer with Jan Čert´s support created the extraordinarily monumental architectural and urban works in Brno. A remarkable consensus in the urban composition of two squares and transition of traditional urban structure of Ostravice Civitas Dei into the modern Brno is also confirmed due to the identification of noble creators and owners, who were at the foundation, transformation and extinction of elements of the Moravian urban structure.
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Methodology of identification and documentation of culinary heritage: The Nmets methodology
Korbelářová, Irena ; Dluhošová, Radmila ; Sobotková, Jitka ; Žáček, Rudolf
Metodika se zaměřuje na stravování, kulinární kulturu s cílem poznání, uchování, využívání v tematických výzkumech a zpřístupnění kulinárního dědictví široké veřejnosti formou prezentace, popularizace a edukace. Jejím cílem je nabídnout s využitím mezioborového přístupu a informačních zdrojů stěžejní postupy a metody vedoucí k identifikaci a verifikaci pokrmů a nápojů ve smyslu hodnot kulinární kultury jako součásti každodennosti a identity sociálních entit příslušných území. Navrhuje strukturu kulinárního dědictví, přičemž zohledňuje obecné názory na kulturní dědictví a míru jeho rozpoznatelných hodnot a na stav dochování a dokladování prvků stravování. Poskytuje návody na dokumentaci kulinárního dědictví ve smyslu výzkumného procesu i výstupů z odborných aktivit; předkládá vzorové evidenční záznamy, využitelné v odborné praxi. Územně jsou postuláty metodiky aplikovatelné na české země, resp. na území současné České republiky. V souladu s projektem, jehož je metodika součástí, bylo zvoleno příkladové území s historickými hodnotami a kulturními i etnografickými specifiky (Slezsko, resp. České Slezsko), do nějž jsou projektovány ikonografické prezentace a vzorové dokumentační záznamy. Metodika je určená odborným pracovníkům kulturních organizací, muzeí a dalších institucí zaměřených na studium regionálních a místních tradic, lidové kultury a vývoje každodennosti; pracovníkům v oblasti památkové péče s potřebou orientovat se v oblasti stravování a hodnot kulinární kultury; badatelům z oblasti historických a příbuzných věd; pracovníkům na různých pozicích v cestovním ruchu a kulturním turismu; dalším profesně aktivním i privátním zájemcům o vývoj stravování a hodnoty kulinárního dědictví.
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Breda, the old department store
Mlýnková, Petra ; Mašek, Radomír (referee) ; Marek, Jiří (advisor)
ABSTRACT The diploma thesis project deals, as its name suggests, with a former department store, so called „The old Breda“, which was built between 1927-28 in the then capital of Austrian Silesia, the Opava City. The department store is an architectural masterpiece, you will hardly find another department store of this kind in the whole of former Czechoslovakia. In 1972, it was declared a cultural monument. Today, we can understand it as an accurate testimony to what the city of Opava was a hundred years ago, how it has gradually changed and what it is like today. The building and its fate is also a frequently mentioned topic for the Opavans themselves, as the building itself reminds them of pleasant feelings and memories of the experience of its space. In this context, the central space under the dome, illuminated by glass-concrete blocks, is often inflected by people. Together with stained glass windows, lighted display cases and the creaking wooden steps of a large staircase, it offers visitors a truly unique atmosphere and moment. The reason why the building itself leaves a strong trace of nostalgia in each person is quite obvious and indisputable. It is a building of immense architectural quality, which the Silesian native from Krnov, known as the Viennese architect Leopold Bauer, offers to the local people through his work. Although there is no doubt that Bauer was a genius in his field, which I was able to see again and again during my research, we must not forget the fact that the whole project was possible to happen only thanks to the wealth and initiative of David Weinstein, businessman and owner of Breda & Weinstein company. However, Weinstein did not enjoy the building and its fame for very long and if you look at the time, the place and context and the fact that Weinstein was of Jewish descent, you will find out the reason why. The cruel fate thus befell his family, as did almost all Jews at the time (not only) in Opava. In 1945, during the Ostrava-Opava operation, Opava was almost completely reduced to ashes, and after the war, there were this time Germans who were to be completely expelled from Czechoslovakia. At that time, the building was called German because Breda and Weinstein spoke German. This was followed by privatization and the associated further changes in the property and also layout of the building. In 1994, in addition to the misfortune, the building was acquired „for sale“ by the local bussinesman Kolek, which meant a way to Breda to complete destruction. There was even a fire, which blackened the dome‘s otherwise light concrete. Since 2012, when the house was closed and taken out of operation, it has only fallen into disrepair. It was also in insolvency proceedings. However, in the eyes and hearts of the proud Opavans, the building still leaves strong recognition and feelings that did not allow the building to be abandoned, people put pressure on the politicians from the city for a long time, until in December 2021 the ciity approved the purchase of the building. However, this step opened up more and more questions and problems. Nobody knows what to do now. There is no intention. It is only clear that the reconstruction will be very costly. With my work based on analyzes from the last semester and studying the data of available research, I try to show the city how it could handle the building.
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The Sovereign Confirmations of Chartres for Bohemian and Silesian Towns to 1420
Velička, Tomáš ; Hlaváček, Ivan (advisor) ; Pátková, Hana (referee) ; Ryantová, Marie (referee)
The present work deals with confirmations that have issued Bohemian kings and princes of Silesia to Bohemian or Silesian towns. The work is divided into five parts. The first deals with existing exploration and methodological inspiration that I subsequently used. The second chapter summarizes the findings regarding the process of confirmation documents - from motives of its release, through the process of the documents in the office during the procedure, to handing over the finished instrument beneficiaries and paying taxes. Then I deal with the various types of confirmations and also I discuss separately the observational charters. The third part is devoted confirmations for the Bohemian towns with regard to all documents which the royal towns received, published by Bohemian kings. The problems are discussed from the perspective of publishers and recipients, as well as the documents themselves (their content, form). The same shall apply also in the case of the fourth chapter, which deals with the same aspects of the Silesian towns and confirmations, which they were received. The final chapter summarizes the findings, which I reached on the previous pages. An important part of this thesis is a variety of reports and graphs to better perceive the immediate context and development trends. I also deal with...
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